The Challenge of Obesity, and a Systems Approach to Solutions

Document Type

Lecture

Publication Date

10-22-2013

Publisher

Brookings Mountain West

Abstract

Obesity has grown into a major global epidemic. Rates in the U.S. have doubled since the 1980s, with more than two-thirds of adults now overweight (including more than one third who are obese). These trends are paralleled by rapid growth in childhood obesity, suggesting adult rates may continue to climb for some time even if we take action soon. This epidemic has significant implications for public health, substantially increasing morbidity and mortality for most of the major diseases affecting our citizens. For example, it is estimated that one in three children born today will be diabetic in their lifetime (many of them by their early 30s). Health care costs are also affected--costs related to obesity already account for fully 21 percent of all U.S. medical expenditures, and the overall economic impact of the U.S. obesity epidemic may top $215 billion annually. Unfortunately, obesity is a complex problem involving multiple inter-related contributing factors spanning a wide range of levels of scale (from the social, built, natural and economic environments to behavior, physiology, and epigenetics) and crossing the entire lifecourse. This complexity poses a challenge for traditional methods of study, and for the design of effective interventions. Many scholars now suspect that disappointing results from most obesity prevention interventions to date flow from insufficient attention to this complexity. Two recent Institute of Medicine consensus reports concluded that new approaches were needed, and specifically recommended a “systems approach” and modeling tools drawn from complexity science. This talk will review the data and trends on obesity in U.S .(and globally), and discuss promising approaches for prevention science and policy. It will draw on the presenter’s own research as well as his participation in several Institute of Medicine/National Academy of Sciences studies and in the National Institutes of Health Envision project.

Keywords

Medical care; Cost of; Obesity – Prevention; Overweight children; Overweight persons – Health and hygiene

Disciplines

Community Health and Preventive Medicine | Health Policy | Public Health

Streaming Media

Language

English

Comments

Video File size: 122 megabytes

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