This collection includes articles written by the faculty of the Department of Environmental & Occupational Health about environmental health risks including lead poisoning, invasive species, polychlorinated biphenyls (PBCs)
Submissions from 2020
Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Comorbidities and Atopic Disease in Nevada, Julia Anderson, Sheniz Moonie, Mary Beth Hogan, Rebecca Scherr, and Gayle Allenback
Global Trends and Gaps in Research Related to Latent Tuberculosis Infection, Liling Chaw, Lung-Chang Chien, Justin Wong, Ken Takahashi, David Koh, and Ro-Ting Lin
Schoolchildren's Exposure to PM2.5: A Student Club-Based Air Quality Monitoring Campaign Using Low-Cost Sensors, L.W. Antony Chen, John O. Olawepo, Felicia Bonanno, Aman Gebreselassie, and Mi Zhang
Accurate Confidence Intervals for Risk Difference in Meta-Analysis With Rare Events, Tao Jiang, Baixin Cao, and Guogen Shan
Spatial Regression with Multiple Dependent Variables: Principal Component Analysis and Spatial Autocorrelation, Ge Lin Kan and Tonglin Zhang
Statewide Stay‐At‐Home Directives on the Spread of COVID‐19 in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties in the United States, Ge Lin, Tonglin Zhang, Ying Zhang, and Quanyi Wang
Urinary Symptoms and Infections Among Female Garment Factory Workers in Bangladesh, Jacxelyn Moran, Taylor Jennelle Fitch, Gabriela Villanueva, Mohammad Morshedul Quadir, Lung-Chang Chien, and Hasnat Alamgir
HIV-Related Risk Behaviors and HIV Testing Among People With Sensory Disabilities in the United States, Babayemi O. Olakunde and Jennifer R. Pharr
The Association Between Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Race‐Ethnicity in Florida, Paulo S. Pinheiro, Heidy Medina, Karen E. Callahan, Patricia D. Jones, Clyde Perry Brown, Sean F. Altekruse, Katherine A. McGlynn, and Erin N. Kobetz
The Association Between Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Race‐Ethnicity in Florida, Paulo S. Pinheiro, Heidy Medina, Karen E. Callahan, Patricia D. Jones, Clyde Perry Brown, Sean F. Altekruse, Katherine A. McGlynn, and Erin N. Kobetz
Accurate Confidence Intervals for Proportion in Studies With Clustered Binary Outcome, Guogen Shan
Two-Stage Optimal Designs Based on Exact Variance for a Single-Arm Trial With Survival Endpoints, Guogen Shan
Correlation Coefficients for a Study with Repeated Measures, Guogen Shan, Hua Zhang, and Tao Jiang
Evolution of Source Contributions During Heavy Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution Episodes in Eastern China Through Online Measurements, Juanyong Shen, Qianbiao Zhao, Zhen Cheng, Juntao Huo, Wenfei Zhu, Yihua Zhang, Yusen Duan, Xiaoliang Wang, Lung-Wen Antony Chen, and Qingyan Fu
Comparison of Signaling Profiles in the Low Dose Range Following Low and High LET Radiation, Deepa M. Sridharan, Lung-Chang Chien, Francis A. Cucinotta, and Janice M. Pluth
The Relationship Between Fighting Style, Cognition, and Regional Brain Volume in Professional Combatants: A Preliminary Examination Using Brief Neurocognitive Measures, Steve J. Stephen, Guogen Shan, Sarah J. Banks, Charles Bernick, and Lauren L. Bennett
Introduction to Special Issue on Digihealth and Sexual Health, Markie L.C. Twist and Neil McArthur
Prenatal Exposure to a Mixture of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Child Reading Skills at School Age, Ann M. Vuong, Changchun Xie, Roman Jandarov, Kim N. Dietrich, Hongmei Zhang, Andreas Sjodon, Antonia M. Calafat, Bruce P. Lanphear, Lawrence McCandless, Joseph M. Braun, Kimberly Yolton, and Aimin Chen
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) and Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Exposures During Pregnancy and Maternal Depression, Ann M. Vuong, Kimberly Yolton, Joseph M. Braun, Andreas Sjodin, Antonia M. Calafat, Yingying Xu, Kim N. Dietrich, Bruce P. Lanphear, and Aimin Chen
Reduction of Secondary Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Households by Face Mask Use, Disinfection and Social Distancing: A Cohort Study in Beijing, China, Yu Wang, Huaiyu Tian, Li Zhang, Dandan Guo, Wenting Wu, Xingxing Zhang, Ge Lin Kan, Lei Jia, Da Huo, Beiwei Liu, Xiaoli Wang, Ying Sun, Quanyi Wang, Peng Yang, and C. Raina MacIntyre
Maternal Cadmium Exposure and Neurobehavior in Children: The HOME Study, Weili Yang, Ann M. Vuong, Changchun Xie, Kim N. Dietrich, Margaret R. Karagas, Bruce P. Lanphear, Joseph M. Braun, Kimberly Yolton, and Aimin Chen
Submissions from 2019
Sex Differences in Cognitive Changes in De Novo Parkinson’s Disease, Ece Bayram, Sarah J. Banks, Guogen Shan, Nikki Kaplan, and Jessica Z.K. Caldwell
Longitudinal Change in Regional Brain Volumes with Exposure to Repetitive Head Impacts, Charles Bernick, Guogen Shan, Henrik Zetterberg, Sarah Banks, Virendra R. Mishra, Lynn Bekris, James B. Leverenz, and Kaj Blennow
The Effect of Age of First Exposure to Competitive Fighting on Cognitive and Other Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Brain Volume, Barry R. Bryant, Bharat R. Narapareddy, Michael J.C. Bray, Lisa N. Richey, Akshay Krieg, Gougen Shan, Matthew E. Peters, and Charles B. Bernick
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Hispanics: An Understudied Public Health Priority, Karen E. Callahan MPH and Paulo S. Pinheiro MD, PhD
Low Colorectal Cancer Survival in the Mountain West State of Nevada: A Population-Based Analysis, Karen E. Callahan, Carmen P. Ponce, Chad L. Cross, Francisco S. Sy, and Paulo S. Pinheiro
Evaluation of the Oxidation Flow Reactor for Particulate Matter Emission Limit Certification, Junji Cao, Qiyuan Wang, Li Li, Yue Zhang, Jie Tian, L.W. Antony Chen, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Xiaoliang Wang, Judith C. Chow, and John G. Watson
Development and Acceptability of a Video-Based Vaccine Promotion Tutorial for Obstetric Care Providers, Allison T. Chamberlain, Rupali J. Limaye, Sean T. O'Leary, Paula M. Frew, Sarah E. Brewer, C. I. Spina, Mallory K. Ellingson, Matthew Z. Dudley, Walter A. Orenstein, Meghan A. Donnelly, Laura E. Riley, Kevin A. Ault, Daniel A. Salmon, and Saad B. Omer
An Evaluation of Food Insecurity and Its Correlates in a Filipino American Study Sample Residing in Clark County, Nevada, Prescott Cheong, Courtney Coughenour, Maya Shegog, Saruna Ghimire, Lawrence Sagadraca, and Francisco Sy
Identifiying High Risk Areas of Zika Virus Infection by Meteorological Factors in Columbia, Lung-Chang Chien, Francisco Sy, and Adriana Perez
Changes in PM2.5 Peat Combustion Source Profiles with Atmospheric Aging in an Oxidation Flow Reactor, Judith C. Chow, Junji Cao, Lung-Wen Anthony Chen, Xiaoliang Wang, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Adam C. Watts, Tessa B. Carlson, Steven D. Kohl, and John G. Watson
Made to Order: Using Gubernatorial Executive Orders to Promote Health in All Policies, Maxim Gakh
The Relationship between School Absenteeism and Substance Use: An Integrative Literature Review, Maxim Gakh, Courtney Coughenour, Bertille Octavie Assoumou, and Melissa Venderstelt
Concomitant Utilization of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Meningococcal Vaccine (MenACWY) Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles County, California, Ian W. Holloway, Diane Tan, Robert A. Bednarczyk, Vincent L. Fenimore, Laura Randall, Chelsea S. Lutz, and Paula M. Frew
The Relations Among Depression, Cognition, and Brain Volume in Professional Boxers: A Preliminary Examination Using Brief Clinical Measures, Bern Lee, Lauren L. Bennett, Charles Bernick, Guogen Shan, and Sarah J. Banks
Implementation of National Policies for a Total Asbestos Ban: A Global Comparison, Ro-Ting Lin PhD, Lung-Chang Chien DrPH, Masamine Jimba PhD, Sugio Furuya Bec, and Ken Takahashi PhD
Patient and Provider Perspectives on How Trust Influences Maternal Vaccine Acceptance Among Pregnant Women in Kenya, Stacy W. Nganga, Nancy A. Otieno, Maxwell Adero, Dominic Ouma, Sandra S. Chaves, Jennifer R. Verani, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Andrew Wilson, Irina Bergenfeld, Courtni Andrews, Vincent L. Fenimore, Ines Gonzalez-Casanova, Paula M. Frew, Saad B. Omer, and Fauzia A. Malik
HIV Testing Among Men in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis Between Young People and Adults, Babayemi O. Olakunde, Daniel A. Adeyinka, John O. Olawepo, and Jennifer R. Pharr
Towards the Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Nigeria: A Health System Prespective of the Achievements and Challenges, Babayemi O. Olakunde, Daniel A. Adeyinka, John O. Olawepo, Jennifer R. Pharr, Chamberline E. Ozigbu, Sabastine Wakdok, Tolu Oladele, and Echezona E. Ezeanolue
HIV-Related Risk Behaviors and Testing Among Adolescent Gay and Bisexual Boys in the United States, Babayemi O. Olakunde, Jennifer Pharr, Daniel A. Adeyinka, and Philip Danquah
Uptake of Permanent Contraception Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review of Barriers and Facilitators, Babayemi O. Olakunde, Nadia A. Sam-Agudu, Tanviben Y. Patel, Aaron T. Hunt, Aurora M. Buffington, Tara D. Phebus, Ebube Onwasigwe, and Echezona E. Ezeanolue
Social Marketing: Changing consumer’s behavior for their good., Jennifer R. Pharr and Nancy L. Lough
Health and Sociodemographic Differences between Individual and Team Sport Participants, Jennifer R. Pharr, Nancy L. Lough, and Mary Angela Terencio
Risk of Cancer Death Among White, Black, and Hispanic Populations in South Florida, Paulo S. Pinheiro, Karen E. Callahan, Tulay Koru-Sengul, Justine Ransdell, Layla Bouzoubaa, Clyde P. Brown, and Erin Kobetz
Exact Confindence Limits for Proportion Difference in Clinical Trials with Bilateral Outcomes, Guogen Shan
Exact Tests for Disease Prevalence Studies With Partially Validated Data, Guogen Shan PhD
Exact Unconditional Tests for Dichotomous Data When Comparing Multiple Treatments With a Single Control, Guogen Shan PhD, Carolee Dodge-Francis Ed.D., and Gregory E. Wilding PhD
Efficient Statistical Inference for a Parallel Study with Missing Data by Using an Exact Method, Guogen Shan, Alan Hutson, Gregory E. Wilding, and Guo-Liang Tian
Rejoinder to "Efficient Statistical Inference for a Parallel Study with Missing Data by using and Exact Method", Guogen Shan and Hua Zhang
Association of Organic Solvents and Occupational Noise on Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Among Adults in the US, 1999-2004, Amanda M. Staudt, Kristina W. Whitworth, Lung-Chang Chien, Lawrence W. Whitehead, and David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras
The Environmental Impact and Formation of Meals from the Pilot Year of a Las Vegas Convention Food Rescue Program, Samantha To, Courtney Coughenour, and Jennifer Pharr
Post-Overdose Interventions Triggered by Calling 911: Centering the Perspectives of People Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), Karla D. Wagner, Robert W. Harding, Richard Kelley, Brian Labus, Silvia R. Verdugo, Elizabeth Copulsky, Jeanette M. Bowles, Maria Luisa Mittal, and Peter J. Davidson
Trends and Disparities in Self-Reported and Measured Osteoporosis among US Adults, 2007-2014., Qing Wu, Yingke Xu, and Ge Lin
A Deep Learning Algorithm for Particle Segmentation of Aerosol Images, Ding Xiang, Di Cai, Xiangneng Hu, Hanbing Yao, Ting Liu, Lung-Wen Antony Chen, and Mi Zhang
PCR Monitoring of Parasitemia during Drug Treatment for Canine Chagas Disease, Chih-Ling Zao, Ya-Chin Yang, Lisa Tomanek, Anthony Cooke, Ron Berger, Lung-Chang Chien, and Roy Madigan
Two-Stage Bagging Pruning for Reducing the Ensemble Size and Improving the Classification Performance, Hua Zhang, Yujie Song, Bo Jiang, Bi Chen, and Guogen Shan
Multi-Wavelength Light Absorption of Black and Brown Carbon at a High-Altitude Site on the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau, China, Zhuzi Zhao, Junji Cao, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Antony L.W. Chen, Xiaoliang Wang, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Zhenxing Shen, Chongshu Zhu, Suixin Liu, Jun Tao, Zhaolian Ye, Ting Zhang, Jiamao Zhou, and Ruixia Tian
Submissions from 2018
Provider Perspectives on Demand Creation for Maternal Vaccines in Kenya, Irina Bergenfeld, Stacy W. Nganga, Courtni A. Andrews, Vincent L. Fenimore, Nancy A. Otieno, Sandra S. Chaves, Jennifer R. Verani, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Winnie N. Wairimu, Susan N. Wandera, Raphael O. Atito, Maxwell O. Adero, and Paula M. Frew
Barriers and Facilitators for Clinical Care Engagement Among HIV-Positive African American and Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men, James W. Carey, Neal Carnes, Alisú Schoua-Glusberg, Katherine Kenward, Deborah Gelaude, Damian Denson, Elizabeth Gall, Laura A. Randall, and Paula M. Frew
Disparity of Imputed Data from Small Area Estimate Approaches – A Case Study on Diabetes Prevalence at the County Level in the U.S., Lung-Chang Chien, Ge L. Kan, Xiao Li, and Xingyou Zhang
Measuring the Organic Carbon to Organic Matter Multiplier with Thermal/Optical Carbon-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Analyses, Judith C. Chow, Gustavo M. Riggio, Xiaoliang Wang, L.-W. Antony Chen, and John G. Watson
Separation of Brown Carbon from Black Carbon for IMPROVE and Chemical Speciation Network PM2.5 Samples, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Mark C. Green, Xiaoliang Wang, and Lung-Wang Antony Chen
Biomarker and Clinical Trial Design Support for Disease-Modifying Therapies: Report of a Survey of the EU/US: Alzheimer's Disease Task Force, Jeffrey Cummings, Nick Fox, Bruno Vellas, Paul Aisen, and Guogen Shan
Gaps And Strategies In Developing Health Research Capacity: Experience From The Nigeria Implementation Science Alliance, E E. Ezeanolue, W NA Menson, D Patel, G Aarons, A Olutola, M Obiefune, P Dakum, P Okonkwo, B Gobir, T Akinmurele, A Nwandu, H Khamofu, B Oyeledun, M Aina, A Eyo, O Oleribe, I Ibanga, J Oko, C Anyaike, J Idoko, M H. Aliyu, and R Sturke
Traumatic Life Events And Development Of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Female Factory Workers In A Developing Country, T J. Fitch, X Yu, L C. Chien, M M. Karim, and H Alamgir
Development of a Measure to Assess Vaccine Confidence among Men Who Have Sex with Men, Paula M. Frew, Ian W. Holloway, Cameron Goldbeck, Diane Tan, Elizabeth Wu, Juan Jauregui, Vincent L. Fenimore, Laura A. Randall, Chelsea S. Lutz, Judith Mendel, Ann L. Aikin, Glen J. Nowak, and Robert A. Bednarczyk
Development of a US Trust Measure to Assess and Monitor Parental Confidence in the Vaccine System, Paula M. Frew, Raphiel Murden, C. Christina Mehta, Allison T. Chamberlain, Alan R. Hinman, Glen Nowak, Judith Mendel, Ann Aikin, Laura A. Randall, Allison L. Hargreaves, Saad B. Omer, Walter A. Orenstein, and Robert A. Bednarczyk
Clinician Perspectives on Strategies to Improve Patient Maternal Immunization Acceptability in Obstetrics and Gynecology Practice Settings, Paula M. Frew; Laura A, Randall; Fauzia Malik; Rupali J. Limaye; Andrew Wilson; Sean T. O'Leary; Daniel Salmon; Meghan Donnelly; Kevin Ault; Matthew Z. Dudley; Vincent L. Fenimore; and Saad B. Omer
Biomarkers of Cognitive Impairment: Brain Cortical Thickness, Volumetrics, and Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ladan Ghazi-Saidi, Ryan R. Walsh, Guogen Shan, and Sarah J. Banks
Factors Associated with Immunization Opinion Leadership among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles, California, Ian W. Holloway, Robert Bednarczyk, Vincent L. Fenimore, Cameron Goldbeck, Elizabeth Wu, Rebecca Himmelstein, Diane Tan, Laura Randall, Chelsea S. Lutz, and Paula M. Frew
Quadrivalent Meningococcal Vaccine Uptake Among Men Who Have Sex With Men During a Meningococcal Outbreak in Los Angeles County, California, 2016-2017, Ian W. Holloway, Elizabeth S. C. Wu, Jennifer Gildner, Vincent L. Fenimore, Diane Tan, Laura Randall, and Paula M. Frew
Youth Swimming Ability in the United States and Associated Demographic Characteristics- 2010-2017, Carol C. Irwin, Jennifer Pharr, Richard L. Irwin, and Todd E. Layne
Disparities in Tobacco Use by Adolescents in Southeast, Nigeria Using Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Approach, Ijeoma U. Itanyi, Chika N. Onwasigwe, Scott McIntosh, Tamara Bruno, Deborah Ossip, Emmanuel A. Nwobi, Chima A. Onoka, and Echezona Ezeanolue
Acceptability of an Adapted HIV Prevention Intervention for Native American Adolescents, Crystal Lee, Melva Thompson-Robinson, and Carolee Dodge Francis
Nevada's Medicaid Expansion and Admissions for Ambulatory Care-Sensitive Conditions, Olena Mazurenko MD; PhD, Jay Shen PhD, Guogen Shan PhD, and Joseph Greenway MPH
Provider Insight on Surmounting Specialty Practice Challenges to Improve Tdap Immunization Rates among Pregnant Women, Arpita Mehrotra, Allison Kennedy Fisher, Jennifer Mullen, Leslie Rodriguez, Angela J. Jiles, Alison P. Albert, Laura A. Randall, and Paula M. Frew
HIV Risk Characteristics Associated with Violence Against Women: A Longitudinal Study Among Women in the United States, Brooke E. E. Montgomery, Paula M. Frew, James P. Hughes, Jing Wang, Adaora A. Adimora, Danielle F. Haley, Irene Kuo, Larissa Jennings, Nabila El-Bassel, and Sally L. Hodder
Challenges for the Clinician: Physical Activity Among Severe Asthmatic Patients with Comorbid Obesity, Sheniz Moonie and Mary Beth Hogan
Variation in airborne fungal spore concentrations among five monitoring locations in a desert urban environment, Tanviben Patel, Mark P. Buttner, D Rivas, Chad Cross, Dennis A. Bazylinski, and J Seggev
Variation in Airborne Pollen Concentrations among Five Monitoring Locations in a Desert Urban Environment, Tanviben Y. Patel, Mark P. Buttner, David Rivas, Chad L. Cross, Dennis A. Bazylinski, and Joram S. Seggev
An Assessment of the Relationship of Physical Activity, Obesity, and Chronic Diseases/Conditions between Active/Obese and Sedentary/Normal Weight American Women in a National Sample, Jennifer Pharr, Courtney Coughenour, and Timothy J. Bungum
Assessing the relationship of physical activity, obesity and chronic diseases/conditions between active/obese and sedentary/normal weight American women in a nation sample, Jennifer R. Pharr, Courtney A. Coughenour, and Timothy J. Bungum
Predictors of Swimming Ability among Children and Adolescents in the United States, Jennifer R. Pharr, C Irwin, T Layne, and R Irwin
Correction: Adolescent Coordinated Transition (act) To Improve Health Outcomes Among Young People Living With Hiv In Nigeria: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial. [trials. 18, (2017) (595)] Doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2347-z, N A. Sam-Agudu, J R. Pharr, T Bruno, C L. Cross, L J. Cornelius, P Okonkwo, B Oyeledun, H Khamofu, A Olutola, S Erekaha, W NA Menson, and E E. Ezeanolue
Accurate Unconditional P-values For A Two-arm Study With Binary Endpoints, G Shan, L Kang, M Xiao, H Zhang, and T Jiang
Jail, An Unappreciated Medical Home: Assessing the Feasibility of a Strengths-based Case Management Intervention to Improve the Care Retention of HIV-infected Persons Once Released from Jail, Anne C. Spaulding, Ana Drobeniuc, Paula M. Frew, Tiffany L. Lemon, Emeli J. Anderson, Colin Cerwonka, Chava Bowden, John Freshley, and Carlos del Rio
Burden And Management Of Noncommunicable Diseases After Earthquakes And Tsunamis, A Suneja, M Gakh, and L Rutkow
Association Between Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention During Routine Check-Ups and Alcohol Consumption among Adults Living in California, G. Kilian Wells, Sheniz Moonie, and Jennifer Pharr
The Effects of Peer Sexual Health Education on College Campuses: A Systematic Review, T Wong, Jennifer R. Pharr, Timothy J. Bungum, Courtney A. Coughenour, and Nancy Lough
Depression And Risk Of Fracture And Bone Loss: An Updated Meta-analysis Of Prospective Studies, Q Wu, B Liu, and S Tonmoy
Thiazide Diuretic Usage and Risk of Fracture: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies, X. Xiao, Y. Xu, and Qing Wu
Submissions from 2017
Compact and Hilbert–Schmidt Differences of Weighted Composition Operators, S Acharyya and Z Wu
ReadyVax: A New Mobile Vaccine Information App, Robert A. Bednarczyk, Paula M. Frew, Daniel A. Salmon, Ellen Whitney, and Saad B. Omer
Retrospective case series analysis of characteristics and trends in unintentional pharmaceutical drug poisoning by methadone, opioid analgesics, antidepressants and benzodiazepines in Clark County, NV 2009-13, T Bruno and J R. Pharr
PM2.5 Source Apportionment Using a Hybrid Environmental Receptor Model, L W. Chen, X Wang, J C. Chow, J G. Watson, and J Cao
Physical Inactivity Displays a Mediator Role in the Association of Diabetes and Poverty: A Spatiotemporal Analysis, Lung-Chang Chien, Xiao Li, and Amanda Staudt
Increasing HIV testing among pregnant women in Nigeria: evaluating the traditional birth attendant and primary health center integration (TAP-In) model, A F. Chizoba, J R. Pharr, G Oodo, E Ezeobi, J Ilozumb, J Egharevba, E E. Ezeanolue, and A Nwandu
Influences on Immunization Decision-Making among US Parents of Young Children, Yunmi Chung, Jay Schamel, Allison Fisher, and Paula M. Frew
Are single entry communities and cul-de-sacs a barrier to active transport to school in 11 elementary schools in Las Vegas, NV metropolitan area?, C Coughenour, S Clark, A Singh, and J Huebner
Examining racial bias as a potential factor in pedestrian crashes, Courtney A. Coughenour, Sheila Clark, Ashok K. Singh, Eudora Claw, James Abelar, and Joshua Huebner