Antioxidants, Oxidative Stress, and Preeclampsia in Diabetes

Document Type

Book Section

Publication Date

4-30-2020

Publication Title

Diabetes: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants

Publisher

Elsevier

Edition

2

First page number:

151

Last page number:

159

Abstract

Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder, is a significant cause of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. While the underlying causes of this maternal syndrome are not clearly understood, oxidative stress, especially in the placenta, is considered a biologically plausible contributor. Oxidative stress is enhanced in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and diabetes is associated with a fourfold higher prevalence of PE. In human pregnancies complicated by diabetes, observational studies correlate multivitamin use with decreased risk of birth defects. In contrast, the largest clinical trial of antioxidant vitamin supplementation (vitamin C and E) in pregnancy in women with T1DM found no effect on the incidence of PE. Several emerging studies show benefits of probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids and green tea phytochemicals in improving oxidative stress and metabolic profiles in gestational diabetes, and these compounds deserve further investigation for efficacy against PE in pregnant T1DM women.

Keywords

Preeclampsia; Oxidative stress; Gestational diabetes; Type 1 diabetes; Vitamin C; Vitamin E; Probiotics; Omega-3 fatty acids

Disciplines

Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism | Medical Specialties | Medicine and Health Sciences

Language

English

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