Novel Biochemical Properties and Physiological Role of the Flavin Mononucleotide Oxidoreductase YhdA from Bacillus subtilis

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

10-1-2020

Publication Title

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Volume

86

Issue

20

First page number:

1

Last page number:

14

Abstract

Cr(VI) is mutagenic and teratogenic and considered an environmental pollutant of increasing concern. The use of microbial enzymes that convert this ion into its less toxic reduced insoluble form, Cr(III), represents a valuable bioremediation strategy. In this study, we examined the Bacillus subtilis YhdA enzyme, which belongs to the family of NADPH-dependent flavin mononucleotide oxide reductases and possesses azo-reductase activity as a factor that upon overexpression confers protection on B. subtilis from the cytotoxic effects promoted by Cr(VI) and counteracts the mutagenic effects of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-promoted lesion 8-OxoG. Further, our in vitro assays unveiled catalytic and biochemical properties of biotechnological relevance in YhdA; a pure recombinant His10-YhdA protein efficiently catalyzed the reduction of Cr(VI) employing NADPH as a cofactor. The activity of the pure oxidoreductase YhdA was optimal at 30°C and at pH 7.5 and displayed Km and Vmax values of 7.26 mM and 26.8 μmol·min−1·mg−1 for Cr(VI), respectively. Therefore, YhdA can be used for efficient bioremediation of Cr(VI) and counteracts the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of oxygen radicals induced by intracellular factors and those generated during reduction of hexavalent chromium.

Keywords

Bacillus subtilis; Bioremediation; Chromate; Mutagenesis; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen radicals

Disciplines

Enzymes and Coenzymes | Microbial Physiology

Language

English

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