The Advantage of Women in Cancer Survival: An Analysis of EUROCARE-4 Data

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-2009

Publication Title

European Journal of Cancer

Volume

45

Issue

6

First page number:

1017

Last page number:

1027

Abstract

We analysed 1.6 million population-based EUROCARE-4 cancer cases (26 cancer sites, excluding sex-specific sites, and breast) from 23 countries to investigate the role of sex in cancer survival according to age at diagnosis, site, and European region. For 15 sites (salivary glands, head and neck, oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, pancreas, lung, pleura, bone, melanoma of skin, kidney, brain, thyroid, Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) age- and region-adjusted relative survival was significantly higher in women than men. By multivariable analysis, women had significantly lower relative excess risk (RER) of death for the sites listed above plus multiple myeloma. Women significantly had higher RER of death for biliary tract, bladder and leukaemia. For all cancers combined women had a significant 5% lower RER of death. Age at diagnosis was the main determinant of the women's advantage, which, however, decreased with increasing age, becoming negligible in the elderly, suggesting that sex hormone patterns may have a role in women's superior ability to cope with cancer.

Keywords

Cancer – Mortality; Cancer – Patients; Europe; Women

Disciplines

Epidemiology | Oncology | Public Health

Language

English

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