Photocatalytic inactivation of viruses using titanium dioxide nanoparticles and low-pressure UV light

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

7-18-2008

Publication Title

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

Volume

43

First page number:

1261

Last page number:

1270

Abstract

The carcinogenic potential of chlorine disinfection by-products and recent changes in water quality regulations have led to a greater emphasis on alternative disinfection mechanisms. In this study, the efficacy of bench-scale and pilot-scale titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalytic disinfection was explored using four bacteriophages (MS2, PRD1, phi-X174, and fr). The optimized bench-scale experiments indicated that 1 mg/L of Degussa P25 TiO2 irradiated by low-pressure ultraviolet (UV) light reduced the dose requirements for viral inactivation in comparison to UV light alone. The highest UV dose reductions for 4-log inactivation of PRD1, MS2, phiX174, and fr were 19%, 15%, 6%, and 0%, respectively. Bench-scale photocatalysis was inhibited by limited adsorption of the viruses onto the TiO2 nanoparticles, as indicated by the poor results for high TiO2 concentrations. Subsequently, pilot-scale experiments were completed using the Photo-Cat Lab from Purifics. The annular reactor configuration and increased viral adsorption dramatically improved photocatalytic inactivation for samples with high TiO2 concentrations. Using the Photo-Cat Lab, 2-log inactivation of the bacteriophages was achieved with 400 mg/L of Degussa P25 TiO2 and a UV dose of approximately 34 mJ/cm2 (energy consumption of 0.33 kWh/m3)—a 700-fold decrease in energy use compared to bench-scale photocatalysis.

Keywords

Disinfection and disinfectants; Fr.; MS2; Phi-X174; Photocatalysis; PRD1; Titanium dioxide; UV; Water — Purification — Microbial removal; Water — Purification — Photocatalysis; Water — Purification — Ultraviolet treatment

Disciplines

Environmental Engineering | Environmental Health and Protection | Environmental Sciences | Water Resource Management

Language

English

Permissions

Use Find in Your Library, contact the author, or use interlibrary loan to garner a copy of the article. Publisher copyright policy allows author to archive post-print (author’s final manuscript). When post-print is available or publisher policy changes, the article will be deposited

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