Effect of warm and cold applications on the resolution on IV inflitrations
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1993
Publication Title
Research in Nursing & Health
Volume
16
First page number:
171
Last page number:
178
Abstract
Differences in pain intensity, surface area measurements of induration and erythema, and interstitial fluid volume when warm versus cold applications were randomly made to an intentional intravenous infiltrate of 5 mL of a designated solution were examined. Three solutions were used: ½ saline (154 mOsm), normal saline (308 mOsm), and 3% saline (1027 mOsm). Differences in volume were determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at three intervals postinfiltration. The sample was 18 healthy adults between 20 and 45 years. There was no difference in remaining infiltrate when ½ saline or normal saline were used, but a significant (p < .001) difference was found with 3% saline. For all solutions there was a significant (p < .001) difference in the volume of infiltrate remaining when warmth was applied and this effect held across MRI readings and solutions. Pain intensity did not differ by treatment but a significant (p < .005) difference was found by solution, with 3% saline producing the greatest difference. Erythema was absent with all solutions. Surface induration was affected by solution and decreased over time (p = .001). There was no effect of warmth or cold on surface area induration.
Keywords
Intravenous therapy; Cold – Therapeutic use; Heat – Therapeutic use; Nursing; Pain – Treatment
Disciplines
Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment | Nursing
Language
English
Repository Citation
Hastings-Tolsma, M. T.,
Yucha, C. B.,
Tompkins, J.,
Robson, L.,
Szeverenyi, N.
(1993).
Effect of warm and cold applications on the resolution on IV inflitrations.
Research in Nursing & Health, 16
171-178.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770160304