Cranberry and Grape Seed Extracts Inhibit the Proliferative Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Authors

Kourt Chatelain, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Spencer Phippen, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Jonathan McCabe, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Christopher A. Teeters, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Susan O'Malley, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Karl Kingsley, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2011

Publication Title

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Volume

2011

First page number:

1

Last page number:

12

Abstract

Proanthocyanidins, compounds highly concentrated in dietary fruits, such as cranberries and grapes, demonstrate significant cancer prevention potential against many types of cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate cranberry and grape seed extracts to quantitate and compare their anti-proliferative effects on the most common type of oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma. Using two well-characterized oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, CAL27 and SCC25, assays were performed to evaluate the effects of cranberry and grape seed extract on phenotypic behaviors of these oral cancers. The proliferation of both oral cancer cell lines was significantly inhibited by the administration of cranberry and grape seed extracts, in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, key regulators of apoptosis, caspase-2 and caspase-8, were concomitantly up-regulated by these treatments. However, cranberry and grape seed extracts elicited differential effects on cell adhesion, cell morphology, and cell cycle regulatory pathways. This study represents one of the first comparative investigations of cranberry and grape seed extracts and their anti-proliferative effects on oral cancers. Previous findings using purified proanthocyanidin from grape seed extract demonstrated more prominent growth inhibition, as well as apoptosis-inducing, properties on CAL27 cells. These observations provide evidence that cranberry and grape seed extracts not only inhibit oral cancer proliferation but also that the mechanism of this inhibition may function by triggering key apoptotic regulators in these cell lines. This information will be of benefit to researchers interested in elucidating which dietary components are central to mechanisms involved in the mediation of oral carcinogenesis and progression.

Repository Citation

Chatelain, K., Phippen, S., McCabe, J., Teeters, C. A., O'Malley, S., Kingsley, K. (2011). Cranberry and Grape Seed Extracts Inhibit the Proliferative Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011 1-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nen047