Board Diversity and Firm Risk-Taking in the Tourism Sector: Moderating Effects of Board Independence, CEO Duality, and Free Cash Flows

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-6-2021

Publication Title

Tourism Economics

First page number:

1

Last page number:

23

Abstract

This study examines the effect of board diversity on risk-taking for tourism firms and analyzes the moderating effect of board independence, CEO duality, and free cash flows in this proposed relationship. Using a composite index of board diversity and a sample of tourism firms from the US hotel, restaurant, and airline industries, we find that greater board diversity leads to lower risk-taking, measured in standard deviation of return on assets. Moreover, we report that the risk-reduction effect of board diversity is more profound when tourism firms have less board independence and less free cash flows for investments. When board diversity is decomposed into relation-oriented and task-oriented diversity attributes, we find that only the task-oriented diversity is influential in reducing firm risk-taking for tourism firms. Akin to main analysis, the board independence and free cash flows are significant moderators of the relationship between task-oriented diversity and firm risk-taking.

Keywords

Board diversity; Board independence; CEO duality; Free cash flows; Risk-taking

Disciplines

Hospitality Administration and Management

Language

English

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