Trends and Associated Factors of Use of Opioid, Heroin, and Cannabis Among Patients for Emergency Department Visits in Nevada: 2009–2017

Authors

Pearl C. Kim, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Ji Won Yoo, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Chris R. Cochran, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Seong Min Park, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
Sungyoun Chun, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Yong-Jae Lee, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Jay J. Shen, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow

Editors

Ediriweera Desapriya

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2019

Publication Title

Medicine

Volume

98

Issue

47

Abstract

To examine trends and contributing factors of opioid, heroin, and cannabis-associated emergency department (ED) visits in Nevada. The 2009 to 2017 Nevada State ED database (n = 7,950,554 ED visits) were used. Use of opioid, heroin, and cannabis, respectively, was identified by the International Classification of Diseases, 9th & 10th Revisions. Three multivariable models, one for each of the 3 dependent variables, were conducted. Independent variables included year, insurance status, race/ethnicity, use of other substance, and mental health conditions. The number of individuals with opioid, heroin, cannabis-associated ED visits increased 3%, 10%, and 23% annually from 2009 to 2015, particularly among 21 to 29 age group, females, and African Americans. Use of other substance (odds ratio [OR] = 3.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.84, 3.99; reference - no use of other substance), mental health conditions (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 2.43, 2.53; reference – without mental health conditions), Medicaid (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.38, 1.44; reference – non-Medicaid), Medicare (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.39, 1.49; reference – non-Medicare) and uninsured patients (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.49, 1.56; reference - insured) were predictors of all three substance-associated ED visits. With a steady increase in trends of opioid, heroin, and cannabis-associated ED visits in recent years, the main contributing factors include patient sociodemographic factors, mental health conditions, and use of other substances.

Keywords

Cannabis; Emergency Department; Heroin; Opioid; Substance Use

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences | Mental and Social Health | Substance Abuse and Addiction

File Format

pdf

File Size

371 KB

Language

English

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Repository Citation

Kim, P. C., Yoo, J. W., Cochran, C. R., Park, S. M., Chun, S., Lee, Y., Shen, J. J. (2019). Trends and Associated Factors of Use of Opioid, Heroin, and Cannabis Among Patients for Emergency Department Visits in Nevada: 2009–2017. In Ediriweera Desapriya, Medicine, 98(47),
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017739