Multi-Agent Scavenging Patterns in Hawai‘i: A Forensic Archaeological and Skeletal Case Study
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-9-2021
Publication Title
Science and Justice
Volume
61
Issue
6
First page number:
723
Last page number:
734
Abstract
Knowledge of the behavior of local fauna can aid forensic investigators in developing awareness of site formation processes. In Hawai‘i, little has been published on the effects of feral domestic pig (Sus scrofa) and feral domestic dog (Canis familiaris) scavenging and bone dispersal on field recovery and laboratory observations. In this Pacific tropical setting, the most consequential terrestrial taphonomic agents are pigs and dogs, both in terms of hard tissue modification and dispersal of remains across the landscape. In 2017, an archaeologist discovered the remains of an unidentified decedent on the island of Kauaʻi, State of Hawai‘i during a cultural resource management survey. Subsequently, a forensic recovery team in conjunction with Kaua‘i police and crime scene investigators used archaeological techniques, including pedestrian survey, tape-and-compass, and GPS mapping, to map and recover the remains. A feral pig trail transected various areas of the recovery site and corresponded with the distribution pattern of recovered skeletal material, including both the main concentration more broadly dispersed skeletal elements. While much of the skeleton was present, missing or unrecovered skeletal elements are consistent with expectations based on existing literature. Much of the postmortem bone deformations were characteristic of marks related to feral dog and/or feral pig scavenging. These results assisted local investigators in deciding the manner of death, as well as providing the family with an accounting of the decedent's remains for burial. Thus, forensic anthropologists and archaeologists need to understand and develop knowledge of local animal behavior to recover and interpret human remains of medicolegal significance.
Keywords
Dog/canid scavenging; Forensic anthropology; Forensic archaeology; Hawai‘i taphonomy; Multi-actor scavenging; Pig/suid scavenging
Disciplines
Biological and Physical Anthropology
Language
English
Rights
IN COPYRIGHT. For more information about this rights statement, please visit http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Repository Citation
Byrnes, J. F.,
Belcher, W. R.
(2021).
Multi-Agent Scavenging Patterns in Hawai‘i: A Forensic Archaeological and Skeletal Case Study.
Science and Justice, 61(6),
723-734.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2021.09.002