Rubidium Fluoride Post-Deposition Treatment: Impact on the Chemical Structure of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Surface and CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Interface in Thin-Film Solar Cells
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
10-1-2018
Publication Title
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Volume
10
Issue
43
First page number:
37602
Last page number:
37608
Abstract
We present a detailed characterization of the chemical structure of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film surface and the CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se2 interface, both with and without a RbF post-deposition treatment (RbF-PDT). For this purpose, X-ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopy, as well as synchrotron-based soft X-ray emission spectroscopy have been employed. Although some similarities with the reported impacts of light-element alkali PDT (i.e., NaF- and KF-PDT) are found, we observe some distinct differences, which might be the reason for the further improved conversion efficiency with heavy-element alkali PDT. In particular, we find that the RbF-PDT reduces, but not fully removes, the copper content at the absorber surface and does not induce a significant change in the Ga/(Ga + In) ratio. Additionally, we observe an increased amount of indium and gallium oxides at the surface of the treated absorber. These oxides are partly (in the case of indium) and completely (in the case of gallium) removed from the CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se2interface by the chemical bath deposition of the CdS buffer.
Keywords
Chemical structure; CIGSe solar cell; Cu(In,Ga)Se2; High efficiency; Photoelectron spectroscopy; RbF post-deposition treatment; Soft X-ray spectroscopy; Thin films
Disciplines
Chemistry
Language
English
Repository Citation
Kreikemeyer-Lorenzo, D.,
Hauschild, D.,
Jackson, P.,
Friedlmeier, T. M.,
Hariskos, D.,
Blum, M.,
Yang, W.,
Reinert, F.,
Powalla, M.,
Heske, C.,
Weinhardt, L.
(2018).
Rubidium Fluoride Post-Deposition Treatment: Impact on the Chemical Structure of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Surface and CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Interface in Thin-Film Solar Cells.
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 10(43),
37602-37608.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b10005