Award Date
8-1-2021
Degree Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Life Sciences
First Committee Member
Brian Hedlund
Second Committee Member
Mira Han
Third Committee Member
Jeffery Shen
Fourth Committee Member
Qing Wu
Number of Pages
132
Abstract
Candidate bacterial phylum Omnitrophota has never been isolated and is poorly understood. In this study, we explored the genomics, phylogeny, taxonomy, distribution, cell size, and predicted physiology of Omnitrophota based on 316 genomes. Phylogenomic concordance identified seven classes accommodating 144 species. Calibration of genome-based taxonomy to ribosomal SSU profiling revealed most Omnitrophota classes are prevalent in the Earth Microbiome Dataset, particularly in soils and sediments. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and differential size filtration experiments showed ultra-small (<400 >nm) cells are common across the phylum, as are parasitism-related genes, including a conserved tight adherence (Tad) complex and ATP/ADP translocase. However, nucleotide and amino acid biosynthetic pathways are not reduced, possibly suggesting early-stage or facultative intracellular parasitism. Energy metabolism is conserved within classes, with either acetogenic Wood-Ljungdahl or diverse respiratory pathways present. Large open reading frames (>20 kb) possibly involved in cell-cell adhesion are conserved across the phylum, including the largest prokaryotic ORF predicted yet (140 kb). These results demonstrate Omnitrophota are diverse and ubiquitous, including putative syntrophs, predators, and free-living nanobacteria that encode unusual giant open-reading frames.
Keywords
Microbial ecology; Omnitrophota
Disciplines
Microbiology
File Format
File Size
34000 KB
Degree Grantor
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Language
English
Repository Citation
Seymour, Cale O., "Analysis of 316 Omnitrophota (OP3) Genomes Reveals a Diverse and Ubiquitous Candidate Phylum of Putative Syntrophs, Predators, and Free-Living Nanobacteria Encoding Giant Open-Reading Frames." (2021). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 4263.
http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/26341200
Rights
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