Award Date
5-1-2022
Degree Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Dental Medicine
First Committee Member
James Mah
Second Committee Member
Tanya Al-Talib
Third Committee Member
Brian Chrzan
Fourth Committee Member
Pouya Momtaz
Fifth Committee Member
Courtney Coughenour
Number of Pages
138
Abstract
Background: Clear Aligner Therapy (CAT) is regarded as a popular esthetic alternative to conventional orthodontic treatment with fixed labial appliances. The mechanism of action, force delivery and limitation of this treatment modality remain largely unknown despite its popularity, the high demand and the relatively long evolutionary track of clear aligners. There are only few studies that addressed the elements that influence the efficiency of clear aligners, namely, the attachment design and aligner materials. It is widely believed that clear aligners are not suitable for extraction cases due to their lack of control over the root movement.
Objectives: This in vitro simulation examines the efficiency of clear aligners with bodily tooth movement when variable attachment designs and aligner materials are used.
Materials and Methods: 3D printed resin typodonts with extracted first premolar were used to simulate the maxillary right canine distal bodily movement in a wax medium with sets of 10 clear aligners. Three types of resin attachments, a vertical rectangular, a multiplanar, and a twin attachment, were bonded to the facial surface of the canine. Three types of aligner materials, two Glycol-modified Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET-G) and one Copolyester-Polyester multi- laminate composite were used to fabricate the aligners. The canine crown movement, root movement and long axis changes were measured after the simulations, and the data were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the 12 treatment groups. The highest amount of linear crown movement and distal tipping of the canine was observed in the (No Attachment Groups), while the (Twin Attachment Groups) showed the highest linear root movement and the highest ratios of bodily movement. No statistically significant differences were observed between the treatment simulation groups based on aligner materials.
Conclusions: The majority of the canine movement was the result of tipping. However, the presence of resin attachments, especially the twin attachment, reduced the distal tipping and improved the aligners’ control over force delivery to the coronal and root portion of the canine. Despite the significant differences identified between the attachment groups, there was no clinical evidence to support that a specific attachment design would have a significant impact on treatment outcome, or the intraoral behavior of the clear aligners. No significant differences were found between the thermoplastic materials tested in this study with respect to the overall distal tipping, root movement and the ratio of bodily movement of the canine.
Keywords
Aligners; Attachment; Invisalign; Malocclusion; Orthodontics; Thermoplastics
Disciplines
Biology | Biomechanics | Dentistry
File Format
File Size
3300 KB
Degree Grantor
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Language
English
Repository Citation
Anbari, Najem, "The Effect of Attachment Design and Aligner Material on the Efficiency of Maxillary Canine Distalization in Premolar Extraction Cases" (2022). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 4357.
http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/31813234
Rights
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